ISO 2107-2007 铝和铝合金.锻造制品.回火号

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下一篇: ISO 14577-4-2007 金属材料.测量硬度和材料参数用仪器压痕试验.第4部分:金属和非金属覆层试验方法

【英文标准名称】:Meatandmeatproducts-DeterminationofL-(+)-glutamicacidcontent-Referencemethod.
【原文标准名称】:肉和肉制品.L-(+)-谷氨酸含量的测定.参照法
【标准号】:NFV04-412-2000
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:2000-12-01
【实施或试行日期】:2000-12-20
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:家禽;动物产品;含量测定;氨基酸;农产品;肉制品;肉;食品;基准方法;谷氨酸;化学分析和试验;定义
【英文主题词】:Agriculturalproducts;Aminoacids;Animalproducts;Chemicalanalysisandtesting;Definition;Definitions;Determinationofcontent;Foodproducts;Glutamicacid;Meat;Meatproducts;Poultry;Referencemethods
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:X22
【国际标准分类号】:67_120_10
【页数】:14P;A4
【正文语种】:其他


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforOxygenHeadspaceAnalysisofPackagesUsingFluorescentDecay
【原文标准名称】:用荧光衰减法进行包装中顶空氧气分析的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMF2714-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F02.40
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:fluorescence;headspaceanalysis;oxygentransmissionrate;permeability;permeation;residualoxygen
【摘要】:Theoxygencontentofapackagex2019;sheadspaceisanimportantdeterminantofthepackagingprotectionaffordedbybarriermaterials.ThepackageundertestistypicallyMAP(modifiedatmospherepackaging)packaged.Oxygencontentisakeycontributortooff-flavorsandspoilageofvariousproducts,suchaschemicals,foodandpharmaceuticals.Themethoddeterminestheoxygeninaclosedpackageheadspace.Thisabilityhasapplicationin:PackagePermeabilityStudies8212;Thechangeofheadspacecompositionoveraknownlengthoftimeallowsthecalculationofpermeation.Sincetheheadspaceoxygenismeasuredasapercentage,thevolumeofthecontainerx2019;sheadspacemustbeknowntoallowconversionintoaquantitysuchasmillilitres(ml)ofoxygen.Theuseofthisapproachtomeasurepermeationgenerallyappliestoemptypackagesystemsonlyasoxygenuptakeoroutgassingofcontainedproductscouldaffectresults.LeakDetection8212;Iftheheadspacecontainsmoreoxygenthanexpectedorisincreasingfasterthanexpected,aleakcanbesuspected.Awidevarietyoftechniquescanbeemployedtoverifythataleakispresentandtoidentifyitslocation.Ifnecessaryorofinterest,aleakratemaybecalculatedwithknownheadspacevolumeandmeasuredoxygenconcentrationchangeovertime.EfficacyoftheMAPPackagingProcess8212;Iftheheadspaceoxygenconcentrationisfoundtobehigherthanexpectedsoonafterpackaging,thegasflushingprocessmaynotbeworkingaswellasexpected.VarioustechniquescanevaluatewhethertheMAPsystemisfunctioningproperly.StorageStudies8212;Asthemethodisnon-destructive,theheadspacecanbemonitoredovertimeonindividualsamplestoinsurethatresultsofstoragestudiessuchasshelflifetestingarecorrectlyinterpreted.1.1Thistestmethodcoversaprocedurefordeterminationoftheoxygenconcentrationintheheadspacewithinasealedpackagewithoutopeningorcompromisingtheintegrityofthepackage.1.2Thistestmethodrequiresthatchemicallycoatedcomponentsbeplacedontheinsidesurfaceofthepackagebeforeclosing.1.3Thepackagemustbeeithertransparent,translucent,oratransparentwindowmustbeaffixedtothepackagesurfacewithoutaffectingthepackagex2019;sintegrity.1.4Asthistestmethoddeterminestheoxygenheadspaceovertime,theoxygenpermeabilitycaneasilybecalculatedasingressperunittimeaslongasthevolumeofthecontainerisknown.1.5ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.6Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:A80
【国际标准分类号】:71_040_40
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语